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The Six Pack: Basic Flight Instruments

Pilot Institute

The AI is particularly effective during Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight, where the outside horizon may not be available. A standard rate turn is at 3 degrees per second and is the preferred rate of turn during Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations.

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RNAV Approaches Simplified: A Guide for New Pilots

Pilot Institute

Theyre especially useful for airports that dont have the budget or suitable terrain to install an Instrument Landing System (ILS). This makes more airports accessible under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). Otherwise, the airport would have to suspend flight operations in poor visibility.

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RAIM vs WAAS Explained Simply: GPS Made Easy

Pilot Institute

While WAAS-enabled equipment has a built-in integrity monitoring system that eliminates the need for RAIM, you may still require RAIM functionality for non-WAAS operations or as a redundancy check in areas where WAAS coverage is unavailable. During IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) flights.