Remove Groundspeed Remove Indicated Airspeed Remove Weather
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Danger lurks in circling approaches

Air Facts

ICAO minima for circling approaches is much higher than that stipulated in the FARs so consider higher weather minima. We also benefit from the latest weather updates. A proactive policy may very well be to prohibit night circling approaches Weather updates? The rule of thumb is VSI = ½ groundspeed times 10.

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Turbulence

Air Facts

Flying to Oklahoma from New Jersey in my G36 Bonanza, I once encountered a mountain wave where the indicated airspeed changed from 92 knots to 164 knots without a single bump. Weather is not only “flying in the clouds,” it is a everything that happens in space. The milk churns and churns until it finds equilibrium.