Ground Effect Thrust Turbulence 
Pilot Institute
MARCH 28, 2025
The exhaust coming out of aircraft engines looks pretty dangerous, generating huge amounts of thrust and pushing back tons of hot air. By far the strongest component of wake turbulence is the swirling air generated at the tips of the aircrafts wings. Wake turbulence can cause severe roll and structural damage to smaller aircraft.
Pilot Institute
MARCH 29, 2024
Thrust : The force generated by the engine that propels the aircraft forward. Pilots must counteract the additional drag with more thrust to maintain altitude. Higher altitudes are also less prone to turbulence and have fewer birds. Turbulent air will require a larger airspeed margin. Don’t go all the way back to idle.
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