Remove Ground Effect Remove Knot Remove Threshold
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Wingtip Vortices and Wake Turbulence

Pilot Institute

Vortex size is also affected by proximity to the ground. If youre flying low enough to be in ground effect, the vortex isnt able to fully develop. This lateral movement takes place at a speed of about two or three knots. As at higher altitudes, the vortex movement near the ground is affected by crosswinds.

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Accident Briefs—July 2025

Plane and Pilot

A witness reported that they saw the airplane lift off from the runway and remain in ground effect until it crossed the departure end of the runway. After arriving at the destination airstrip the student entered left downwind for Runway 13, resulting in a right quartering tailwind of about 5 knots.

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How to Make a Perfect Soft Field Landing Every Time

Pilot Institute

On a normal landing, you’d pull the power over the threshold, begin your roundout, and flare around 10 feet AGL. When crossing the threshold, start reducing the power. Hold this extra power as you enter ground effect. Low-wing aircraft perform better in ground effect because of the wing’s proximity to the ground.

NOTAMs 52
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Alton Bay's "Excellent Water"

Photographic Logbook

With as much as 25 knots of tailwind, we made the flight from Sodus to Alton Bay in only two hours. Rolling out on final approach, I was surprised to see another airplane stopped right at the runway threshold. Should that guy be so close to the threshold?" Lake Winnisquam with Lake Winnipesaukee in the distance. Joe asked.

Runway 78