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What Is a Flat Spin?

Pilot Institute

An aft center of gravity increases flat spin risk. A flat spin happens when the center of gravity shifts too far aft (toward the tail), and the aircraft’s rotation becomes more horizontal. Some aircraft can enter flat spins even if their center of gravity is in the normal range.

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What Is a Dutch Roll, and Is It Dangerous?

Pilot Institute

The trigger can be any external force such as a wind gust or turbulence. To understand the aircraft’s response to a disturbance, you need to understand aerodynamic stability. Longitudinal Stability Longitudinal stability exists about the pitch axis. How Does a Dutch Roll Begin? What causes the initial yaw?